Define "tides" and their impact on navigation.

Tides are defined as the periodic rise and fall of sea levels resulting from the gravitational forces exerted by the moon and the sun on the Earth's oceans. This phenomenon is crucial for navigation because it affects water depth and current patterns in navigation channels. When tides rise (high tide), they can increase the water level in shallow areas, making it safer for vessels to navigate, while during low tide, shallow areas may expose hazards such as rocks, sandbars, or wrecks that could impede or damage a vessel. Additionally, understanding tides is essential for scheduling departures and arrivals to ensure vessels can safely reach their destinations without grounding or encountering obstacles.

This knowledge is key for maritime operations, as mariners must take into account the timing of tides when planning routes, determining safe draught, and ensuring effective maneuvering in tidal areas. Thus, comprehending the influence of tides is fundamental for maintaining safety and proficiency in navigation.